Agam 30 Mool 03 Uttaradhyayana Sutra Part 02 Sthanakvasi - Book Summary

The provided Jain text is the second part of the Uttaradhyayana Sutra, specifically covering chapters 4 to 14. It includes commentary by Ghasilal Maharaj and was published by A B Shwetambar Sthanakvasi Jain Shastroddhar Samiti. The text also includes important instructions regarding the proper times and circumstances for studying the Sutra, outlining 32 specific times of "astadhyaya" (non-study) related to celestial events, personal conditions, and specific days.

The content is structured into studies (adhyayan), and the index lists the topics covered in each study:

Part Two of Uttaradhyayana Sutra (Chapters 4-14):

Chapter 4: The Absence of Refuge for the Aged
- Discusses the lack of refuge for those afflicted by old age.
- Includes the story of Attanamall as an example.
- Describes the consequences of greed and attachment to wealth, leading to hell.
- Illustrates the concept that actions are not without consequences using the example of Durvritta the thief.
- Emphasizes that one must experience the fruits of their karma.
- Highlights the inability of relatives to help during the suffering of karma.
- Uses the example of a merchant who cheated a cowherd's daughter to illustrate the consequences of actions.
- Explains the inefficacy of wealth for protection.
- Mentions the example of a priest's son.
- Discusses how even with right perception, a deluded being may not attain the truth, using the example of a metallurgist.
- Advises against negligence (pramada).
- Provides the example of Agadatta to illustrate the abandonment of negligence.
- Explains the benefit of nourishing the body for purification, using the example of King Muladeva.
- States that monks attain liberation only by obeying the guru's command, illustrated by the horse example.
- Reiterates the advice to avoid negligence in following the guru's command.
- Uses the example of a Brahmin woman to illustrate negligence in following the guru's command.
- Advises to follow the guru's command with diligence, using the example of Bhadra, the wife of a merchant.
- Concludes by discussing the root cause of negligence: attachment and aversion, and the need to abandon them.
Chapter 5: The Two Types of Death (Akama and Sakama)
- Describes the two types of death: involuntary (Akama) and voluntary (Sakama).
- Uses the example of Ajapal to illustrate the killing of living beings, whether intentional or unintentional.
- Discusses those engrossed in violence and other vices.
- Explains the karma bondage of those attached to wealth and women.
- Details the repentance of those attached to wealth and women during illness.
- Illustrates the repentance of those attached to wealth and women with the example of Shataka.
- Describes the involuntary death of those attached to wealth and women.
- Discusses the voluntary death of those who follow the path of righteousness.
- Praises the excellence of mendicants.
- States that external appearances do not provide protection.
- Mentions the attainment of heaven by Suvrata.
- Uses the example of Durmati, the poor man, to illustrate bad conduct.
- Describes the conduct of those who live righteously.
- Explains the attainment of heaven or liberation by a virtuous monk upon death.
- Describes the abodes of gods and the gods themselves.
- Illustrates the attainment of divinity by virtuous monks and householders.
- Discusses the impermanence of the body.
- Describes the state of meditation at the time of death.
- Advises the disciple on achieving meditative death.
- Uses the example of Ugrabuddhi, the disciple, to illustrate meditation.
Chapter 6: The Duty of a Nirgrantha
- Discusses the absence of knowledge and the resulting poverty, using the example of a poor person.
- Explains the duties of a Nirgrantha (Jain ascetic).
- Discusses the inability to protect parents and elders.
- Explains the fruit of renouncing possessions.
- Discusses the cessation of violence and the inflow of karma.
- Discusses the cessation of false speech and other inflows of karma.
- Explains the nature of abstaining from the five types of karma inflow and others' opinions on restraint.
- States that mere eloquent speech cannot protect living beings.
- Discusses the faults of those who deviate from the path to liberation.
- Explains the means to achieve the welfare of the soul.
- Discusses the reasons for bearing the body.
- Explains the means of sustenance for monks.
- Describes the faultless alms-gathering of monks.
- Uses the example of Edaka to illustrate attachment to taste.
- Describes the attainment of hell by the ignorant child.
- Explains the earthly suffering of the taste-greedy.
- Describes the other-worldly suffering of the taste-greedy.
- Uses the examples of Kakini and the mango fruit to illustrate greed.
- Explains the principle (dāshṭāntika) after giving the example (dṛṣṭānta).
- Uses the example of three merchants to illustrate worldly dealings.
- Explains the principle (dāshṭāntika) for the example of the three merchants.
- Describes the two types of destinations for a child who causes harm.
- Explains the rarity of the child's rescue from a double destination.
- Discusses the benefit of abandoning childishness to attain human birth.
- Explains who attains the human state.
- Describes the attainment of the divine state.
- Advises on attaining the divine state.
- Compares divine and human pleasures using the analogy of the ocean.
- Discusses the virtues of those who renounce sensual pleasures.
- Explains the state of the liberated soul after descending from the divine realm.
- Describes the nature of patience and its reward.
- Chapter 7: The Story of Kapil Muni
  - Details Kapil Muni's life.
  - Discusses the impermanence of the world in Kapil's story.
  - Explains the means of liberation from faults and flaws.
  - Compares the faults of those engrossed in possessions with the virtues of Kevalins who have renounced possessions.
  - States that sensual pleasures are difficult to renounce for the impatient but easy for the righteous.
  - Describes the attainment of hell by the ignorant child.
  - Discusses the liberation of those who abstain from violence.
  - Explains the prohibition of violence against living beings.
  - Describes the duties of those who practice the समिति (Eshana Samiti) and are not attached to tastes, along with the characteristics and destiny of those who wander.
  - Explains the insatiability of the greedy soul.
  - Relates a personal experience of dissatisfaction.
  - Prohibits greed for women and its abandonment.
- Chapter 8: The Story of King Nami
  - Details the story of King Nami.
  - Discusses the impermanence of the world in Nami's story.
  - Explains the means of liberation from faults and flaws.
  - Compares the faults of those engrossed in possessions with the virtues of Kevalins who have renounced possessions.
  - States that sensual pleasures are difficult to renounce for the impatient but easy for the righteous.
  - Describes the attainment of hell by the ignorant child.
  - Discusses the liberation of those who abstain from violence.
  - Explains the prohibition of violence against living beings.
  - Describes the duties of those who practice the समिति (Eshana Samiti) and are not attached to tastes, along with the characteristics and destiny of those who wander.
  - Explains the insatiability of the greedy soul.
  - Relates a personal experience of dissatisfaction.
  - Prohibits greed for women and its abandonment.
- Chapter 9: The Story of King Nami and Indra
  - Details the story of King Nami.
  - Discusses the impermanence of the world in Nami's story.
  - Explains the means of liberation from faults and flaws.
  - Compares the faults of those engrossed in possessions with the virtues of Kevalins who have renounced possessions.
  - States that sensual pleasures are difficult to renounce for the impatient but easy for the righteous.
  - Describes the attainment of hell by the ignorant child.
  - Discusses the liberation of those who abstain from violence.
  - Explains the prohibition of violence against living beings.
  - Describes the duties of those who practice the समिति (Eshana Samiti) and are not attached to tastes, along with the characteristics and destiny of those who wander.
  - Explains the insatiability of the greedy soul.
  - Relates a personal experience of dissatisfaction.
  - Prohibits greed for women and its abandonment.
- Chapter 10: The Exhortation to Gautam
  - Discusses the impossibility of understanding the essence of reality without knowledge.
  - Explains the reason for not becoming learned.
  - Details the fourteen reasons for not being disciplined.
  - Details the fifteen reasons for being disciplined.
  - Describes the characteristics of the disciplined.
  - Praises the learned through the example of Shadika.
  - Concludes the study.
- Chapter 11: The Five Causes for Being Less Learned
  - Discusses the reasons for being less learned.
  - Explains the eight reasons for becoming learned.
  - Details the fourteen reasons for not being disciplined.
  - Details the fifteen reasons for being disciplined.
  - Describes the characteristics of the disciplined.
  - Praises the learned through the example of Shadika.
  - Concludes the study.
- Chapter 12: The Story of Harikeshbala Muni
  - Provides the introduction to the twelfth study.
  - Details the story of Harikeshbala Muni.
- Chapter 13: The Story of Chitrasambhut Muni
  - Provides the introduction to the thirteenth study.
  - Details the story of Chitrasambhut Muni.
- Chapter 14: The Story of Nandadatta and Five Other Lives
  - Provides the introduction to the fourteenth study.
  - Details the story of Nandadatta and five other lives.

In essence, this volume, as indicated by its title and content, is a crucial part of Jain scripture, offering guidance on righteous conduct, the consequences of actions, the impermanence of worldly life, and the path to liberation, all illustrated through numerous stories and examples attributed to the teachings of Mahavir Swami and expounded by Ghasilal Maharaj.