Agam 29 Mool 02 Dasvaikalik Sutra Dasaveyaliyam Terapanth - Book Summary

The provided text is a fragment of a Jain scripture, the Dasavaikālika Sūtra (Dasaveyāliyam), a foundational text for Jain monks outlining the conduct and principles for ascetics. This particular excerpt seems to focus on various aspects of monastic discipline, ethical conduct, and the path to liberation.

Here's a breakdown of the content based on the provided pages:

Overall Structure and Content:

The document appears to be an index or a table of contents for the Dasavaikālika Sūtra, listing the chapters (Adhyayana) and sub-sections (Prakarana or Varga) within each chapter. It also provides verse numbers (Gāthā) for reference. The core themes revolve around:

Abhaydana (Fearlessness/Protection): This is a recurring theme, suggesting the importance of non-violence, protection of life, and maintaining an attitude of fearlessness.
Ethical Conduct: The text details various virtues and prohibitions essential for an ascetic's life.
Discipline and Restraint: Emphasis is placed on controlling the senses, mind, and speech.
The Path to Liberation (Moksha): The ultimate goal of these practices is to achieve spiritual liberation.

Chapter-wise Summary (based on the provided index and glimpses of the text):

First Chapter (Padamaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Focuses on fundamental principles, possibly related to fearlessness and the practice of non-violence. It mentions verses related to "Bhramacharya" (celibacy).
Second Chapter (Dīyaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Continues themes of fearlessness, with verses touching upon desire (Kama), detachment (Chai), control of the mind (Mano-nigraha), and perhaps equanimity.
Third Chapter (Tritiyaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Continues the theme of fearlessness and delves into specific rules and prohibitions (Anachara), possibly related to a particular sect (Nigrantha). It also mentions "Nikshepa" (classification or categorization).
Fourth Chapter (Chaturthaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Continues with fearlessness and covers topics like living beings (Jiva), great vows (Mahavrata), and elements like earth (Prithvi), water (Aayu), fire (Teu), and air (Vayu). It also mentions moving beings (Trasa) and restraint (Samyama).
Fifth Chapter (Panchamaṁ Abhayanaṁ - U. 1 & 2): This chapter seems extensive, covering various aspects of "Ukleva" (perhaps something related to gathering or collection), "Gaveshana" (seeking or alms-finding), "Anayatan" (improper places or practices), "Darigola" (begging), "Samudaya" (collection), and "Paribhoga" (consumption). It also lists several "doshas" (faults) and correct practices.
Sixth Chapter (Shatthaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Discusses various vows and practices, including non-violence (Ahimsā), truthfulness (Satya), celibacy (Brahmacharya), non-possession (Aparigraha), and single-meal practices (Ekbhakta). It also touches upon elements again and correct conduct in various situations.
Seventh Chapter (Saptamaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Focuses on speech (Bhasha), possibly the correct way to speak, avoid harshness, and maintain purity in communication. It also mentions "Savajja-Anavajja" (sinful vs. non-sinful speech).
Eighth Chapter (Ashtamaṁ Abhayanaṁ): Deals with aspects of non-violence, purity, contemplation, and self-control. It mentions "Kashaya" (passions) and the importance of "Saddha" (faith).
Ninth Chapter (Navamaṁ Adhyayana - U. 1-4): This chapter appears to be divided into four parts, covering topics like receiving alms (Ashayanas), the role of teachers (Acharya), control over desires (Apichha), and the importance of knowledge (Shruta) and austerity (Tapa).
Tenth Chapter (Dashimaṁ Abhayanaṁ): This chapter seems to be a culmination, discussing restraint (Samvara), spiritual stability (Sthitappa), equanimity (Samata), and overcoming obstacles (Parishaha-Jaya).

Chulikas (Appendices/Supplementary sections):

First Chulika (Padamaṁ Chūliyā): Mentions "Ghayankusha" (an elephant goad, possibly a metaphor for controlling the mind) and "Pachha-Paritapa" (regret).
Second Chulika (Dutiyā Chūliyā): Discusses "Pratisoya" (flowing against the current, perhaps meaning going against worldly inclinations) and "Charia" (conduct).

Specific Verses and Concepts (as seen in the sample pages):

Page 5 (First Adhyayana - Drumapushpika): Verse 1 speaks of Dharma (righteousness) as the highest virtue, with non-violence (Ahimsa) and austerity (Tapas) as its core. Verse 2 compares the ascetic to a bee extracting nectar from flowers without harming them. Verse 3 states that ascetics are like birds on flowers, enjoying alms without causing distress.
Page 6 & 7 (Second Adhyayana - Samanya-Pūrvaka): This chapter seems to focus on detachment from worldly pleasures and the practice of self-control. It discusses what it means to be "Chai" (one who abandons) and the importance of not being attached to sensory experiences. Verse 5 speaks of understanding suffering and overcoming desires.
Page 8 & 9 (Third Adhyayana - Khuddaya-Katha): This chapter likely details specific rules of conduct and prohibitions for ascetics, perhaps related to food, clothing, and dwelling. It mentions avoiding certain types of food, practices, and places.
Page 10-18 (Fourth Adhyayana - Chajjivanikaya): This is a significant section dedicated to the Six Life-Forms (Chajjivanikaya): earth-bodied (Prithvi-kaya), water-bodied (Aayu-kaya), fire-bodied (Teu-kaya), air-bodied (Vayu-kaya), plant-bodied (Vanasaspati-kaya), and mobile beings (Trasa-kaya). It discusses the importance of not harming any of these life forms, aligning with the principle of Ahimsa. This chapter also seems to elaborate on the Great Vows (Mahavrata) of Jainism.
Page 19-32 (Fifth Adhyayana - Pindeshanā): This chapter focuses on the rules and principles of seeking alms (Pindeshanā) for monks. It details how to beg, what kind of food to accept or reject, and the importance of discernment and purity in the process. It highlights various situations and potential pitfalls to avoid.
Page 33-45 (Sixth Adhyayana - Mahācharyā Kathā): This chapter seems to discuss the conduct of great ascetics (Mahācharya) and elaborate on various practices, potentially covering more detailed aspects of discipline and virtuous living, including the avoidance of certain actions and attitudes. It mentions the importance of non-violence across all life forms and various spiritual practices.
Page 40-45 (Seventh Adhyayana - Vāk-Shuddhi): This chapter is dedicated to the purity of speech (Vāk-Shuddhi). It details what kind of speech is permissible and what should be avoided, emphasizing truthfulness, non-harshness, and the avoidance of gossip or misleading statements.
Page 46-51 (Eighth Adhyayana - Āchāra-panihī): This chapter focuses on specific conduct and practices (Achāra-panihī). It delves into details of daily life, interactions, and personal discipline. It touches upon controlling desires, maintaining equanimity, and adhering to the teachings.
Page 52-58 (Ninth Adhyayana - Vinaya-Samāhī): This chapter is dedicated to Vinaya (respect, humility, obedience) and Samaadhi (concentration, equanimity). It emphasizes the importance of respecting teachers, following their guidance, and cultivating a calm and disciplined mind. It outlines different types of Vinaya and Samaadhi.
Page 59-61 (Tenth Adhyayana - Sa-bhikshu): This chapter focuses on the characteristics and conduct of an ideal monk (Sa-bhikshu). It highlights virtues like non-violence, self-control, detachment, equanimity, and devotion to spiritual practice.

Key Jain Concepts Highlighted:

Ahimsa (Non-violence): A fundamental principle throughout the text, emphasizing the protection of all life forms.
Dharma (Righteousness): The path of virtue and spiritual discipline.
Samyama (Restraint): Control over senses, mind, and speech.
Tapas (Austerity): Practices of self-discipline and renunciation to purify the soul.
Moksha (Liberation): The ultimate goal of the spiritual path.
Mahavrata (Great Vows): The five core vows undertaken by ascetics (Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Aparigraha).
Six Life Forms (Chajjivanikaya): The classification of all living beings, highlighting the pervasiveness of life.
Vinaya (Humility/Respect): Essential for spiritual progress, especially towards teachers.
Samaadhi (Equanimity/Concentration): A state of mental calmness and focus.

In essence, this excerpt from the Dasavaikālika Sūtra serves as a comprehensive guide for Jain ascetics, meticulously detailing the ethical, disciplinary, and spiritual practices required to lead a life of non-violence, self-control, and ultimately, liberation. The text is rich in specific rules and metaphorical explanations, aiming to provide a clear roadmap for the arduous journey of spiritual advancement.