Agam 27 Chhed 04 Dashashrutskandh Sutra Sthanakvasi - Book Summary

This Jain text, titled "Agam 27 Chhed 04 Dashashrutskandh Sutra Sthanakvasi," is a significant publication within the Sthanakvasi Jain tradition. Authored by Dolarbai Mahasati, Artibai Mahasati, and Subodhikabai Mahasati, and published by Guru Pran Prakashan in Mumbai, it is part of a larger collection known as the "Agam 27 Chhed."

The book is a re-publication, emphasizing its importance for Jain education and personal study. The text itself, as indicated by the title "Dashashrutskandh," falls under the category of Chhed Sutras, which are canonical Jain scriptures dealing with disciplinary rules, transgressions, and expiations for monks and nuns. The "Sthanakvasi" designation specifies that this text is relevant to the Sthanakvasi sect of Jainism, known for their practice of avoiding temples and worshipping in communal spaces (upasrayas).

Key Aspects and Themes Derived from the Text:

Dedication and Reverence: The text begins with salutations to Lord Vitrag (one who has conquered passions) and pays homage to various revered Gurudevas of the Gondal Gacch, including Shri Dungar Dev, Shri Jay Maneck, Shri Pran, and Shri Rati. This highlights the deep reverence and lineage within the tradition. The re-publication is dedicated to the memory of Shri Pranalalji M. Sa. and the spiritual journey of Shri Ratilalji M. Sa.
Agam Literature: The publication is part of the "Guru Pran Agam Batrisi," a project to bring out 32 Agam texts. This indicates a significant effort to preserve and disseminate Jain canonical literature. The specific sutras included in this edition are Shri Dashashrutskandh, Shri Brihatkalpa Sutra, and Shri Vyavahar Sutra, presented with their original text, meaning, and commentary.
Spiritual Guidance and Discipline: The Chhed Sutras, as represented by this work, are crucial for maintaining the purity of the monastic code of conduct. They address:
- Transgressions (Dosha): The text outlines various transgressions and faults that can occur in the life of a monk or nun.
- Expiations (Prayashchitta): A major focus is on the methods and procedures for expiating these transgressions through penance and repentance. The concept of 'chhed' itself implies cutting off or removing faults.
- Disciplinary Rules: The sutras detail rules and guidelines for various situations, ensuring adherence to the principles of Jain asceticism.
- Monastic Conduct: The text elaborates on the correct way of living for monks and nuns, covering aspects like behavior, diet, movement, and interaction with the laity.
The Significance of "Chhed Sutras": The introductory sections, particularly "Abhigam" by Shri Jayant Muni M. Sa. and the editorial notes by Shri Janak Muni M. Sa. and Shri Girish Muni M. Sa., emphasize the purpose of Chhed Sutras. They are described as the "treatment for the holes (faults) of life." While minor faults can be rectified through regular confession (pratikraman), more severe ones require specific expiation through the principles outlined in the Chhed Sutras. The text highlights that Chhed Sutras are particularly relevant for those who have attained a certain level of spiritual maturity (gitarth).
Key Concepts Illustrated: The commentary and explanations within the text delve into specific concepts like:
- Asamadhisthan (Causes of Non-Equanimity): The first chapter of Dashashrutskandh details twenty causes that disturb mental peace and equanimity, such as careless walking, improper cleaning, carrying excess baggage, speaking harshly, criticizing elders, and harboring anger.
- Shabal Dosha (Mixed Faults): The second chapter discusses twenty-one serious faults that taint the purity of conduct, including illicit sexual behavior, night eating, accepting forbidden food, and violations related to clothing and utensils.
- Ashatanas (Transgressions against Revered Ones): The third chapter lists thirty-three transgressions, primarily related to disrespect or improper behavior towards senior monks/nuns (ratnadhika), which disrupt the harmony and discipline of the monastic community.
- Gani Sampada (Qualities of a Spiritual Leader): The fourth chapter outlines eight essential qualities for a spiritual leader (Gani), including mastery of conduct (Achar Sampada), scriptural knowledge (Shrut Sampada), physical well-being (Sharir Sampada), eloquent speech (Vachan Sampada), teaching ability (Vachana Sampada), sharp intellect (Mati Sampada), good judgment (Prayog Sampada), and organizational skills (Sangrah Parigraha Sampada).
- Chitta Samadhi (Mental Equanimity): The fifth chapter details ten ways to achieve mental peace and equanimity, illustrating the path to spiritual development.
- Upasak Pratima (Lay Devotee Stages): The sixth chapter outlines eleven stages of progress for lay Jains (upasakas), guiding them in their spiritual journey towards a more disciplined life.
- Bhikshu Pratima (Monastic Stages): The seventh chapter describes twelve specific stages or practices undertaken by monks to deepen their asceticism and purify their conduct.
- Paryushana Kalpa (Monastic Observances): The eighth chapter touches upon the observance of Paryushana, a significant period of penance and spiritual discipline for Jains, linking it to key events in Lord Mahavir's life.
- Mahamohaniya Karma Bandhana: The ninth chapter details thirty sources of binding intense Mohaniya Karma (karma related to delusion and attachment), which hinders spiritual liberation.
- Nidana (Earnest Vows for Future Desires): The tenth chapter explains the concept of Nidana, where one vows to undertake austerities with the desire for specific worldly or heavenly results, highlighting its detrimental effect on the path to liberation.
Editorial and Translational Efforts: The publication acknowledges the contributions of various Mahasatijis, including Shri Lilambai M., Dr. Shri Aarti Bai M., and Shri Subodhika Bai M., who served as the chief editor, co-editor, and co-editor respectively. The translation and commentary are attributed to Mahasatijis like Shri Lilambai M. and Dr. Shri Dolardai M., underscoring the effort to make these complex texts accessible in Gujarati.
Support and Sponsorship: The publication acknowledges the support of various individuals and trusts, including the Shri Rati Gar Charitable Trust, and highlights the dedication of the Gurupuran Foundation and the Parasdham publication house.
Importance of Agam Study: The text implicitly and explicitly stresses the importance of studying the Agams for spiritual upliftment and the preservation of Jainism. The re-publication itself is a testament to this commitment.

In summary, "Agam 27 Chhed 04 Dashashrutskandh Sutra Sthanakvasi" is a scholarly and devotional compilation that serves as a guide for understanding and practicing the disciplinary aspects of Jain monasticism within the Sthanakvasi tradition. It emphasizes ethical conduct, expiation of faults, and the path to spiritual purity, offering detailed explanations of various stages of spiritual practice for both ascetics and lay followers.