Agam 25 Aaurpacchakhanam Bieyam Painnayam Mulam PDF File

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Aaurpacchakhanam Bieyam Painnayam Mulam" based on the provided pages:

Book Title: Agam 25 Aaurpacchakhanam Bieyam Painnayam Mulam Author(s): Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar Publisher: Deepratnasagar Date: 2012 Series: Jain Aagam Online Series-25

Overall Purpose:

This text, identified as the second "Painnaya" (a category of Jain scriptures) within the "Aagam Online Series" and specifically numbered as the 25th in that series, focuses on the teachings related to death, particularly different types of death and the means to achieve a good death (Aaradhana) in Jainism. It emphasizes the importance of non-attachment, ethical conduct, and spiritual knowledge as crucial for a favorable outcome in the face of mortality.

Key Themes and Concepts:

• Types of Death: The text distinguishes between different kinds of death and their implications for the soul's future rebirths:

  • Balpandita Maranam (बालपंडित मरणं): A death of a person who is partially observant of Jain vows (Desavirati - partial abstinence). This is considered a less ideal but still potentially positive death if preceded by introspection and repentance.
  • Pandita Maranam (पंडित मरणं): A death of a person who is fully committed to Jain principles, possessing right faith (Samyakdarshan), knowledge (Jnana), and conduct (Charitra). This is presented as the ideal death.
  • Asamadhi Maranam (असमाहिमरणं): A death characterized by mental disturbance, anger, ego, or other afflictions, leading to unfavorable rebirths. The text strongly advises against this type of death.

• Aaradhana (आराधना): This refers to the process of achieving a good death. It involves:

  • Samayika (सामाइयं): A period of equanimity and spiritual practice.
  • Patikraman (पडिक्कमण): Repentance and atonement for past transgressions.
  • Aloychana (आलोयणा): Confession of faults.
  • Sansleshana (संलेहण): Gradually reducing intake and attachment to the body, often practiced in the final stages of life.
  • Non-attachment (Mamaccha Parivajji - ममत्तं परिवज्जामि): Detaching oneself from worldly possessions, relationships, and even the body itself.
  • Forgiveness and Compassion: Cultivating goodwill towards all beings.
  • Faith in Jain Teachings: Believing in the path prescribed by the Tirthankaras.

• The Goal of Jainism: The ultimate aim is liberation (Moksha or Nirvana), which is achieved by breaking the cycle of birth and death (Samsara). A favorable death is a crucial step towards this goal.

• The Role of Knowledge and Conduct:

  • Right Faith (Samyakdarshan - सम्मद्दिट्ठी) is foundational.
  • Partial abstinence (Desavirati - देसजई) is the basis for Balpandita Maranam.
  • The observance of vows (Anuvrata - अणुव्वयाइं, Gunavrata - गुणव्वयाई, Shiksha Vrata - सिक्खाउ) is essential.
  • Control over senses (Indriyartheshu - इंदियत्थेसु) and emotions (Kashaya - कसायं) is vital.
  • The text emphasizes the importance of both internal contemplation (Abhyantara Joga Mallina - अभिंतरझाणजोगमल्लीणो) and external detachment (Bahir Joga Virahita - बाहिरजोगविरहिओ).

• Consequences of Different Deaths:

  • A good death leads to favorable rebirths, potentially in higher realms or even liberation.
  • An unfavorable death (Asamadhi Maranam) leads to rebirths in lower realms (Devaduggati - देवदग्गई), increasing the suffering in the cycle of Samsara.

• Repentance and Vows:

  • The text includes specific verses that express repentance for past actions (e.g., Page 3, Verse 11, "इच्छामि णं भंते ! उत्तम→ पडिक्कमामि...") and commitment to vows.
  • It details various negative actions and mental states to be renounced, such as attachment, anger, ego, deceit, greed, hatred, delusion, desire, etc. (Page 3, Verse 11).

• The Nature of the Soul: The soul (Ātmā - आत्मा) is eternal, possessing knowledge, perception, and conduct. Worldly possessions and the body are temporary and are the source of suffering.

• Examples and Encouragement: The text uses metaphors and examples to illustrate its points, such as the analogy of fire with straw (Page 6, Verse 51) to describe the insatiability of desires. It encourages perseverance and courage in the face of death.

Structure and Content Breakdown (based on provided pages):

• Page 1: Title page with dedications and the book's identity.
• Page 2: Table of Contents (Ganthāṇukkamo) listing the topics covered: Pithika (introduction), First exposition (Prathama Parūvanam), Patikraman-ālocanā (repentance and confession), Ālocanā-dāyaka-gāhaka sarūpaṁ (forms of confessor and confessant), Asamādhimaraṇaṁ (death with disturbances), Panditamaraṇaṁ-va-Ārāhanā (wise death and attainment). The table also indicates verse numbers.
• Page 3: Starts with devotional verses and then presents verses defining Balpandita Maranam (verses 1-10) and then a detailed Patikraman (verses 11 onwards) listing various sins, faults, and emotions to be repented.
• Page 4: Continues with the Patikraman, verses of renunciation (e.g., renouncing all violence, falsehood, theft, etc.), and verses emphasizing equanimity and non-attachment. It also touches upon the nature of the soul.
• Page 5: Continues with verses about renouncing attachments and passions, distinguishing between different types of deaths and their consequences. It explicitly states that those who die with disturbances (Asamadhi) are not considered achievers and will face unfavorable rebirths. It also contrasts those who are attached to wrong faith (Mithyadarshan) with those who are attached to right faith (Samyakdarshan).
• Page 6: Focuses on the implications of different types of death, the consequences of actions, and the importance of proper preparation for death. It provides guidance on how to die well, emphasizing detachment and the abandonment of all worldly concerns.
• Page 7: Concludes the text with verses reinforcing the importance of courage, knowledge, and equanimity at the time of death. It states that those who embrace the teachings of Jainism with determination and detachment will achieve liberation.

In essence, "Aaurpacchakhanam Bieyam Painnayam Mulam" is a didactic Jain text that serves as a guide for understanding and preparing for death. It emphasizes that death is not an end but a transition, and a conscious, virtuous approach to dying, rooted in Jain principles, is crucial for a soul's spiritual progress and ultimate liberation.