Agam 12 Uvvaeam Padhamam Uvvangsuttam Mulam PDF File

This is a detailed summary of the Jain text "Uvvaeam Padhamam Uvangsuttam" (Agam 12), as provided from the given PDF pages. The text primarily describes the city of Champa and the arrival of Lord Mahavir.

Book Title: Agam 12 Uvvaeam Padhamam Uvangsuttam Mulam Author(s): Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar Publisher: Deepratnasagar

The text begins with invocations and a table of contents, indicating the chapters and their corresponding page numbers.

Key Sections and Content:

• Page 3:

  • The text starts by invoking the names of revered figures in Jainism.
  • It then describes the city of Champa in great detail. Champa is depicted as a prosperous, well-developed, and populous city. The description includes:
    • Its rich and fertile land.
    • The presence of numerous people engaged in various activities.
    • Features like strong fortifications, high walls, deep moats, and well-laid-out streets.
    • The abundance of natural resources, including sugarcane, paddy, and dairy animals.
    • The presence of various types of buildings, gardens, ponds, and tanks.
    • The city is described as safe, disease-free, and prosperous, attracting many people.
  • Following the description of Champa, the text focuses on a temple (Chetiya) named Punnabhadda located outside the city.
    • This temple is described as ancient, established by forefathers, and highly venerated.
    • It is adorned with flags, banners, garlands, and is surrounded by fragrant offerings like sandalwood paste.
    • The air is filled with the aroma of incense like Kalaguru and Kundurukka.
    • The temple is a place of worship and gathering for many people, with activities like music and dance.
    • The Punnabhadda temple is depicted as being surrounded by a dense grove of trees. The trees are described in terms of their colors, shades, density, and various parts from root to fruit.
    • The grove is filled with the sounds of various birds and insects.

• Page 4:

  • Within the grove, a prominent Ashok tree is described.
  • This Ashok tree is surrounded by other trees like Tilaka, Lava, Shiri, Lodhra, Chandana, Arjuna, Niva, Kudra, Kalamba, Phansaka, Dadima, Sala, Tala, Tamala, Priyaka, Piyangu, Ruyara, and others.
  • These surrounding trees are also described as being covered in vines like Padma, Nala, Ashok, Pancha, Chuya, Vana, Vasanta, Atimukta, Kundala, and Sama.
  • All these trees and vines are said to be perpetually blooming and bearing fruit.
  • Above the Ashok tree, eight auspicious symbols (Ashta Mangalas) are described, made of precious gems.
  • Also above the tree, divine chowries are described, made of excellent materials and adorned with jewels.
  • Further above the tree, umbrellas, flags, bells, and chowries are mentioned, all made of gems and highly beautiful.
  • Beneath the Ashok tree, a large, beautifully carved stone slab (Shila-pattaka) is described, made of various colored gems and adorned with depictions of animals and mythical creatures.

• Page 5:

  • The text then introduces King Kūṇika (Bimbisāra), who resides in the city of Champa.
  • The King is described as being of noble lineage, possessing all auspicious marks and qualities, beloved by his subjects, virtuous, wealthy, and powerful. He is presented as a great ruler, defender of his kingdom, and a benevolent leader.
  • His queen, Dhāriṇī, is described as beautiful, possessing all the hallmarks of a queen, and deeply devoted to the King. They are shown enjoying worldly pleasures.
  • A messenger (Pavitthi-vāua) arrives to inform the King about the activities of Bhagavan Mahavir.
  • The King is informed that Bhagavan Mahavir, the Tirthankar, is coming to Champa and wishes to visit the Punnabhadda temple.

• Page 6:

  • The description shifts to Bhagavan Mahavir, who is depicted with all his divine attributes:
    • He is the founder of the faith, the omniscient, the supreme being, the tamer of souls, the guide, the protector, the refuge, and the giver of liberation.
    • His physical form is described in elaborate detail, emphasizing his perfection, auspicious marks, divine aura, and profound spiritual qualities. This includes descriptions of his height, build, skin, facial features, hands, feet, and overall presence.
    • He is described as radiating divine light and having an unparalleled presence.
  • The text mentions that Bhagavan Mahavir is accompanied by a large retinue of ascetics (Shramanas).
  • It then details the diverse backgrounds of these ascetics: some have renounced worldly life for various periods, others are from noble families, warriors, merchants, and kings.
  • The text emphasizes their detachment from worldly pleasures, understanding of the impermanence of life, and their dedication to austerities.

• Page 7:

  • The description continues about Bhagavan Mahavir's disciples (Antavasi), who are portrayed as highly accomplished ascetics and monks.
  • These disciples possess various types of knowledge (Abhinibodhika Jnana to Kevala Jnana), mental, vocal, and physical powers.
  • They are described as being proficient in healing, possessing deep intellect, and capable of various miraculous feats, including travel through the sky and possession of divine powers (Vidyadhara).
  • The text enumerates the various severe austerities (Tapa) undertaken by these ascetics, categorized into internal (Abhyantara) and external (Bahya) practices.
    • External austerities include fasting (Anasana), reducing intake (Omodariya), begging for alms (Bhikhācariyā), abstaining from tasty food (Rasaparatyāga), self-mortification (Kayaklesha), and withdrawal (Pratisamlinata).
    • These are further elaborated with specific details and classifications.
    • Internal austerities are also listed, including atonement (Pratyashchitta), humility (Vinaya), service (Veyavachya), study (Svadhyaya), meditation (Dhyana), and renunciation (Utsarga).

• Page 8:

  • The text continues the detailed breakdown of internal austerities, including various forms of Vinaya (knowledge, conduct, speech, body, worldly conduct) and Veyavachya (service to various types of ascetics).
  • The various types of Svadhyaya (study) are listed: recitation, questioning, repetition, contemplation, and discourse.
  • Dhyana (meditation) is explained with its four categories: Arta, Raudra, Dharma, and Shukla Dhyana, along with their respective characteristics and implications.
  • Utsarga (renunciation) is also detailed, with its internal and external aspects.

• Page 9-13:

  • The text describes the austerities in even greater detail, with specific classifications and sub-classifications.
  • It explains the various types of fasting, adherence to specific rules, dietary restrictions, bodily mortifications, and control over senses and passions.
  • The descriptions are highly meticulous, detailing the meaning and application of each practice.

• Page 14:

  • The text then shifts to the arrival of various deities and celestial beings to pay homage to Bhagavan Mahavir.
  • These include Asura Kumara Devas, various Bhavanavasi Devas (celestial beings residing in lower heavens), Vanamantara Devas (spirits of forests), Jyotishika Devas (celestial beings of light, including planets and stars), and Vaimanika Devas (beings residing in celestial mansions).
  • Each group is described with their magnificence, splendor, and the way they approach and pay respects to Bhagavan Mahavir.

• Page 15-18:

  • The narrative continues with the arrival of more celestial beings, including Indra and other ruling deities.
  • The King of Anga, Kūṇika Bimbisāra, along with his retinue and consorts, prepares a grand procession to welcome Bhagavan Mahavir.
  • The preparation involves decorating the city, arranging elephants, horses, chariots, and soldiers, and preparing the royal attire and jewels for the King.
  • The King's procession is described as being magnificent, accompanied by music, chanting, and auspicious signs.

• Page 19-21:

  • The King arrives at the Punnabhadda temple, pays homage to Bhagavan Mahavir, and listens to his discourse.
  • The divine discourse of Bhagavan Mahavir is presented, covering fundamental Jain principles: the existence of soul and non-soul, bondage and liberation, merit and demerit, influx and stoppage of karmas, suffering and its cessation, existence of liberated beings, and the path to liberation.
  • He explains the principles of non-violence (Ahimsa), truthfulness (Satya), non-stealing (Asteya), celibacy (Brahmacharya), and non-possession (Aparigraha), as well as the virtues of forgiveness, humility, honesty, contentment, etc.
  • The discourse also touches upon the nature of different realms of existence (hells, animal realm, human realm, and heavens) and the karmic consequences of actions.
  • The text then describes the reaction of the assembled people: some renounce worldly life and become ascetics, while others take vows as lay followers.

• Page 22-23:

  • The discourse continues, explaining the path to liberation and the karmic causes for rebirth in different realms.
  • It emphasizes the importance of virtuous conduct and the results of good and bad actions.
  • Bhagavan Mahavir also explains the lives and destinies of various types of beings, including ascetics (Samana), householders (Shravaka/Shravakā), wandering ascetics (Parivrajaka), and different types of celestial beings.
  • The text details the rebirths and fates of those who follow different paths of conduct and austerities.

• Page 24-27:

  • The text delves deeper into the principles of Jain cosmology and karma.
  • It discusses the nature of the universe, the realms of existence, and the duration of life in different heavens.
  • It elaborates on the conditions and characteristics of beings in various celestial abodes, including their lifespan and the specific types of austerities and vows they might have followed to attain such states.
  • The concept of "Moksha" (liberation) is discussed, and the nature of Siddhas (liberated souls) is described in detail.

• Page 28-35:

  • The narrative returns to the King and the people who heard the discourse.
  • The King and his retinue are deeply impressed by Bhagavan Mahavir's teachings.
  • The text describes how some of the listeners are inspired to renounce their worldly lives and join the monastic order.
  • It also explains how the remaining people take vows as lay followers and commit to living a virtuous life according to the teachings.
  • The text then discusses the concept of "Siddhas" (liberated souls) in great detail, including their location, form, attributes, and eternal bliss.
  • It elaborates on the different types of ascetics and their practices, and how different types of karmas lead to different rebirths.
  • The text also describes the various qualities and achievements of the Siddhas, emphasizing their state of perfect knowledge, perception, and bliss.
  • The discussion includes the process of achieving liberation, the nature of the liberated state, and the various paths and practices leading to it.

• Page 36-37:

  • The text concludes with verses that summarize the eternal and blissful state of the Siddhas, who have overcome all worldly suffering and have attained ultimate liberation.
  • It reiterates that the Siddhas reside in the highest realms of existence, free from birth, death, and all forms of suffering.

Overall Significance:

"Uvvaeam Padhamam Uvangsuttam" appears to be a significant Jain Agam text that provides a detailed narrative of a significant event – the arrival of Bhagavan Mahavir in the city of Champa. It intricately blends descriptions of a flourishing city with profound philosophical and ethical teachings of Jainism, emphasizing the importance of righteous conduct, austerities, and the pursuit of liberation. The text serves as a testament to the detailed and descriptive nature of Jain scriptures.