Agam 10 Panhavagran Dasam Angsuttam Mulam PDF File

Here's a comprehensive summary of the provided Jain text, Panhavagran Dasam Angsuttam Mulam:

This document is the tenth Anga of the Jain Agamas, titled Panhavagran. It is presented as a series by Jain Aagam Online, revised and compiled by Muni Deepratnasagar. The text is structured into two Sutas (or sections), each containing multiple Adhyayanas (chapters). The primary focus of the Sutas is on the concepts of Asrava (influx of karma) and Samvara (cessation of karma).

Overall Structure:

• Introduction: The text begins with invocations and salutations, including to the purity of vision and to the spiritual teachers.

• Table of Contents (Ganthanukramo): This outlines the chapters and verses within the first Suta. It indicates that the first Suta covers Asrava and is divided into five chapters. The second Suta covers Samvara and is divided into five chapters.

• First Suta (Sutakskandho-1): This section focuses on Asrava (the inflow of karmic particles) and is divided into five chapters, each detailing a different cause or type of Asrava.

  • Chapter 1: Panthavaha (Violence/Killing): This chapter extensively details the sin of violence. It lists numerous synonyms for violence and describes the various living beings (from one-sensed to five-sensed, aquatic, terrestrial, aerial, etc.) that are killed for different purposes like food, clothing, and other material gains. It then vividly describes the terrible consequences of violence, including rebirth in hells, as animals, and the severe suffering experienced there. The chapter emphasizes that violence is the primary gateway to unrighteousness and is driven by passions like anger, pride, delusion, and greed.
  • Chapter 2: Aliyavachana (Untruthful Speech): This chapter focuses on the sin of lying and false speech. It lists many terms associated with deceit, falsehood, and dishonesty. It describes how liars cause harm to themselves and others, leading to unfavorable rebirths and suffering. The chapter also criticizes various forms of false philosophies and denials of the spiritual path and its results.
  • Chapter 3: Adinnadana (Stealing/Unjust Acquisition): This chapter discusses the sin of stealing and acquiring what is not given. It lists various synonyms for theft and describes the actions of thieves and those who engage in unjust acquisitions. It details the severe punishments and suffering that await such individuals, including hellish states and unfortunate rebirths. The chapter also illustrates how kings and armies engage in large-scale violence and theft, contributing to their own downfall.
  • Chapter 4: Abrahma (Unchastity/Lust): This chapter deals with the sin of lust and unchastity. It lists numerous terms related to sexual misconduct and describes its detrimental effects on spiritual progress. The chapter highlights the suffering caused by attachment to senses and the resulting entanglement in the cycle of birth and death. It also touches upon the luxurious lives of celestial beings and kings, but emphasizes that even they are subject to the consequences of their actions and the cycle of rebirth when they indulge in unchastity.
  • Chapter 5: Parigraha (Possession/Attachment): This chapter explains the sin of excessive attachment and accumulation of possessions. It lists various synonyms for greed and covetousness. The text describes how attachment to wealth, property, family, and even life itself leads to suffering. It illustrates how beings, including celestial beings and kings, engage in constant accumulation, driven by insatiable desires, and the resultant negative consequences. The chapter emphasizes that attachment is the root of suffering and a major obstacle to liberation.

• Concluding Remarks on Asrava: The first Suta concludes by stating that these five types of Asrava (violence, untruth, stealing, unchastity, and possession) lead to an endless cycle of suffering through various existences. It underscores the importance of understanding these concepts for spiritual liberation.

• Second Suta (Sutakskandho-2): This section shifts its focus to Samvara (the cessation of karma) and is also divided into five chapters.

  • Chapter 6: Ahimsa (Non-violence): This chapter introduces the five great vows (Mahavratas) of Jainism, starting with Ahimsa. It describes Ahimsa as the path to well-being for all beings and lists its numerous virtues and synonyms. The chapter elaborates on the practice of Ahimsa in the context of daily life, including the careful acquisition of food and the avoidance of harm to any living being. It details the importance of the five controlling disciplines (Samitis) – Erayasana (careful movement), Madhyamavaachana (careful speech), Adan Nikshepa (careful handling of objects), Ahara Samiti (careful eating), and Visarga Samiti (careful evacuation) – and the three controls (Guptis) – Managupti (control of mind), Vachangupti (control of speech), and Kayagupti (control of body) – as integral to practicing Ahimsa.
  • Chapter 7: Satya Vachana (Truthful Speech): This chapter discusses the virtue of truthfulness. It highlights the power of truth to overcome obstacles and lead to liberation. The chapter describes the qualities of truthful speech, emphasizing that it should be beneficial, pleasant, and timely. It condemns harmful or deceitful speech. The chapter also details the importance of controlling the sense of speech and avoiding negative speech patterns like anger, greed, pride, and delusion when speaking.
  • Chapter 8: Adattadiyavrata (Non-stealing): This chapter focuses on the vow of non-stealing. It reiterates the concept of not taking what is not given. The text emphasizes the importance of detachment from possessions and living a simple life, free from the desire for others' wealth. It reiterates the concept of carefulness in all actions, especially in relation to acquiring and using resources, and the need to avoid anything that could be considered "not given."
  • Chapter 9: Brahmacharya (Celibacy/Chastity): This chapter elaborates on the vow of celibacy. It describes it as the foundation for all virtues and spiritual progress. The text highlights the discipline required to control desires and sensual attachments, detailing various practices and mental states to be avoided. It emphasizes the importance of cultivating detachment and purity of thought, word, and deed.
  • Chapter 10: Aparigraha (Non-possession): This final chapter of the second Suta deals with the vow of non-possession. It explains that true non-possession extends beyond material possessions to include attachments to thoughts, desires, and even the body. The chapter emphasizes the importance of detachment from all forms of clinging and the cultivation of contentment. It describes the qualities of a truly non-possessing individual and their freedom from worldly entanglements.

• Conclusion of the Text: The text concludes by reiterating the importance of these five great vows for achieving liberation from the cycle of birth and death. It states that by practicing these vows, one can attain the state of Siddha (liberated souls).

In essence, Panhavagran is a didactic text that systematically explains the fundamental principles of Jain ethics, elaborating on the causes of karmic bondage (Asrava) and the means to overcome them through virtuous conduct and practices (Samvara). It provides a detailed and vivid account of the consequences of unvirtuous actions and the path to spiritual purity and liberation.