Agam 04 Samvayang Sutra Hindi Anuwad

This document is the Hindi translation and commentary of the Samavaya Angasutra (Chapter 4 of the Agam Sutras), a significant Jain scripture. The translation and commentary are attributed to Muni Diperatnasagarji, a respected Jain scholar.

Here's a comprehensive summary based on the provided text:

1. Title and Authorship:

• Book Title: Agam 04 Samvayang Sutra Hindi Anuwad (Agam Sutra 4, Samavaya Sutra Hindi Translation)
• Author/Translator/Editor: Muni Diperatnasagarji (also referred to as Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar)
• Publisher: Dipratnasagar, Deepratnasagar
• Significance: This is presented as the 4th volume in a series of Agam Sutra translations.

2. Structure and Content: The Samavaya Sutra, as translated and presented here, is characterized by its systematic enumeration and classification of various Jain philosophical and cosmological concepts. The core of the text is the repeated pattern of listing items associated with numbers, typically starting from one and progressing upwards.

Key elements and themes observed:

• Enumeration by Numbers: The sutra is structured around numerical categories. Each "Samavaya" section (e.g., Samavaya-1, Samavaya-2, Samavaya-3, etc.) focuses on entities or concepts associated with a specific number.
  • Example: Samavaya-1 discusses things that are "one" (e.g., one soul, one un-soul, one law, one un-law, one action, one inaction, one world, one un-world, etc.). Samavaya-2 discusses things that are "two," and so on.
• Scope of Enumeration: The numbering extends across a wide range of Jain teachings and cosmic details:
  • Jain Principles: Virtues, vows, prohibitions, conduct, spiritual stages.
  • Cosmology and Geography: Mounts, continents, regions, dimensions of the universe (e.g., Jambu Dweepa, its length and width, heights of mountains, distances).
  • Time and Duration: Lifespans of beings in different realms (hells, heavens), durations of cycles, specific time periods.
  • Celestial Bodies: Names of constellations and their constituent stars.
  • Beings and Realms: Classifications of beings in different planes of existence (hell-dwellers, celestial beings, humans, animals).
  • Jain Canon: Lists of scriptures, sub-scriptures, and their components.
  • Tirthankaras and Great Souls: Details about Tirthankaras, their lifetimes, their disciples, their fathers and mothers, and the number of their followers.
  • Karma and Spiritual Progress: Discussions related to karma and the path to liberation.
  • Units of Measurement: Various units of length, time, and quantity.
• Purpose of Enumeration: The Samavaya Sutra aims to provide a comprehensive and organized understanding of the Jain worldview by categorizing and quantifying various aspects of existence, doctrine, and cosmology. This numerical approach helps in memorization and provides a structured framework for the vast amount of information within the Jain tradition.
• Specific Examples of Enumerated Concepts:
  • Samavaya 1: Discusses the qualities of Lord Mahavir, the twelve Angas of the Jain canon, and fundamental dualities (soul/non-soul, etc.). It also mentions measurements like 100,000 yojanas for Jambu Dweepa.
  • Samavaya 2: Lists two types of punishments, two classes of entities (soul/non-soul), two bonds (attachment/aversion), and mentions two-starred constellations.
  • Samavaya 3: Discusses three types of penalties, three yogic restraints, three types of regrets, three glories, and three types of violations, along with three-starred constellations.
  • Samavaya 4: Details four types of passions, four types of meditation, four types of meaningless talk, four types of desires, and four types of bondage, along with four-starred constellations.
  • The pattern continues with concepts associated with numbers up to 100 and beyond, covering extensive details about the Jain universe, principles, and history.
• Commentary/Explanation: Muni Diperatnasagarji's contribution likely includes not just a literal translation but also explanations and clarifications to make the complex numerical enumerations understandable. The introductory and concluding remarks in each section indicate a focus on making the content accessible.
• Underlying Philosophy: The Sutra reflects the Jain emphasis on detail, categorization, and the importance of understanding the constituent elements of reality and the spiritual path through systematic analysis. It highlights the vastness of Jain cosmology and the intricate details within its doctrine.

3. Translator's Role: The text explicitly credits Muni Diperatnasagarji as the "Agam Diwakar" (Sun of Agamas) and "Shrut Maharshi" (Great Sage of Scriptures), underscoring his expertise and the importance of his work in making these ancient texts accessible in Hindi. The translation aims to bridge the gap between the original Prakrit or Ardhamagadhi and the modern Hindi-speaking audience.

4. Catalogue Link and Publisher: The provided catalog link (jainqq.org) suggests that this translation is part of a larger digital archive or collection of Jain scriptures, making it available for study and personal use. The publisher, also Deepratnasagar, reinforces the commitment to propagating Jain literature.

In essence, this document is a significant scholarly effort to translate and elucidate the Samavaya Sutra, a foundational Jain text that uses extensive numerical enumeration to systematically detail the Jain understanding of the universe, spiritual path, and the canon.