Aetihasik Ras Sangraha Part 1

Here's a comprehensive summary of "Aetihasik Ras Sangraha Part 1" by Vijardharmasuri, based on the provided Gujarati text:

Book Title: Aetihasik Ras Sangraha Part 1 (Historical Collection of Ras) Author: Jainacharya Shri Vijaydharma Suri Publisher: Abhaychandra Bhagwandas Gandhi, published by Shri Yashvijay Jain Granthmala

Overview and Purpose:

This book is the first part of a collection of historical Ras (poetic compositions, often narrative and devotional, common in Jain literature). Acharya Vijaydharma Suri, a scholar of scriptures, compiled and edited this volume with the assistance of Sh. Hemchandra Nabhubhai. The primary purpose of this collection is to bring to light historical material that was previously considered "rubbish" or unimportant by some scholars who focused solely on theoretical or grammatical texts. The author strongly believes that "Prajakiya Itihas" (history of the people) is the true history, and that this type of history is found abundantly in the Charitanuyog (narrative branch) of Jain literature, particularly in Ras. He argues that neglecting these Ras texts leads to the potential destruction of valuable historical information, which is crucial for understanding the true history of the Jain community and the society at large.

Key Concepts and Arguments from the Preface (Prastavna):

• Definition of True History: The author distinguishes between mere dates of kings and battles and the history of the common people, emphasizing that the latter is more essential and practical for everyone.
• Importance of Ras: Ras are identified as a vital part of the Charitanuyog and a rich source of historical information, including social conditions, customs, and the lives of people from various eras.
• Scholarly Neglect: Many scholars historically overlooked Ras texts, considering them to be of lesser importance compared to philosophical or grammatical works. This neglect has led to the loss of much historical data.
• Need for Preservation: The author stresses the urgency of preserving the remaining Ras before they are lost to time.
• Availability of Information: Ras texts often contain information that is difficult or impossible to find in larger, more theoretical works. They are particularly useful for understanding the nuances of past societal conditions.
• Objective of the Collection: This collection aims to present the Ras in their original form, with a focus on historical accuracy, without any bias towards specific Jain sects or doctrines.

Contents of the First Part:

The first part of the collection contains six Ras compositions, including one Barahmasa (a poetic work describing the twelve months). The editor has maintained an exclusively historical perspective in the research (editing) of these Ras, avoiding sectarian biases. The Rasratna Ras, which is specifically related to the Pachchhandra Gachchha, is included to demonstrate this impartiality.

Editing Approach:

The Ras have been presented in the condition they were found in the manuscripts, preserving archaic spellings and grammatical variations (e.g., "andh" instead of "andh," "kalayug" instead of "kalayug," "chhaya" instead of "chhaya"). This approach is taken to provide readers with an authentic glimpse into the language, cultural practices, and writing styles of the time. The author believed that this preservation would offer a true understanding of ancient manuscripts and their context.

Structure of Each Ras Presentation:

Each Ras includes:

1. Mool Ras (Original Text): The original poetic composition.
2. Ras Saar (Summary of the Ras): A narrative summary of the Ras's story, making it accessible to readers who might struggle with the archaic language. This is designed to help readers understand the historical content more easily.
3. Aetihasik Tippani (Historical Notes): Notes provided below the summary offering historical context, details about the author, other acharyas, householders, places, and any other relevant historical information discovered during research.
4. Kathina Shabda Sangrah (Collection of Difficult Words): A glossary at the end of the book to help readers understand difficult words encountered not only in this collection but also in other ancient Ras texts.

Sources of the Manuscripts:

The manuscripts for the six Ras in this first volume were obtained from various sources:

• Kocharvyavahari Ras, Rasratna Ras, and Barahmasa: From the Bhandar (library) in Limbdi.
• Bhim Chaupai and Khem-Hudalio Ras: From the Bhandar in Patdi.
• Sumatisadhusuri Vivahalo: From Yati Saubhagya Vijayji in Lunawa (Marwar).

The author expresses gratitude to the owners of these manuscripts for their cooperation in this historical endeavor.

Specific Ras Summaries (Briefly):

• Kocharvyavahari Ras (pp. 1-12): Focuses on the theme of Jivdaya (compassion for living beings). It narrates the story of Kechar, a virtuous merchant's son, who advocates for non-violence and succeeds in stopping animal sacrifice at a local shrine through his devotion and influence. The text also provides details about prominent families and historical figures of the time.
• Rasratna Ras (pp. 13-40): This Ras is dedicated to Rayachandra Suri of the Parshvachandra Gachchha. It begins with devotional verses to Jinas and then delves into the history of the Parshvachandra Gachchha lineage, the birth and early life of Rayamall (later Rayachandra Suri), his encounter with Acharya Samarachand Suri, and the complex history of the Gachchha, including the introduction of new interpretations and the establishment of a new sect by Parshvachandra Suri. It details the intellectual and spiritual journey of these figures.
• Sumatisadhusuri Vivahalo (pp. 41-48): This is a wedding narrative composed by Kavi Lavanyamay Gani. It tells the story of Sumatisadhu, who, after a virtuous life and study, becomes an Acharya and is recognized for his wisdom and compassion. The text highlights the spiritual lineage and the esteemed position of Sumatisadhu.
• Bhim Chaupai (pp. 49-64): Composed by Kirtisagar Suri's disciple, this Chaupai narrates the story of Bhimshah, a devout and charitable merchant from the Vagad region. It details his grand pilgrimage to Dhulev (Kesariyaji), his extensive donations, and his role in upholding ethical conduct. The text emphasizes Bhimshah's generosity and his embodiment of virtuous qualities.
• Khem-Hudalio Ras (pp. 65-75): This Ras highlights the philanthropic act of Khem Seth of Hadala during a severe famine in the time of Muhammad Begada. Khem Seth provided free grain for an entire year, thus living up to the title of "Shah" (king or chief merchant) for the Vaniya community. The story involves a challenge from a court poet, the generosity of the merchants, and Khem Seth's pivotal role in fulfilling the promise.
• Rayachandra Suri Guru Barahmas (pp. 76-80): This is a Barahmasa composition by Jayachandra Gani, celebrating the virtues of Rayachandra Suri of the Parshvachandra Gachchha. It describes the sentiments and experiences associated with each month of the year, connecting them to spiritual reflection and the teachings of the Guru.

Additional Information:

• Shuddhipatra (Errata): A page of corrections is provided at the beginning of the book to address any errors in the text.
• Catalog Link: The provided link is for jainqq.org, a resource for Jain literature.

In essence, "Aetihasik Ras Sangraha Part 1" is a scholarly compilation that rescues and presents valuable historical and cultural narratives from ancient Jain Ras literature, emphasizing the importance of the people's history and the need for diligent preservation of such texts.