Aetarey Aranyaka Me Pran Mahima

This document is a summary of the book "Aetarey Aranyaka me Pran Mahima" (The Glory of Prana in the Aitareya Aranyaka) by Vishnudatt Garg. The summary focuses on the significance of "Prana" (life force, breath, vital energy) as depicted in the Aitareya Aranyaka, a part of the Vedic literature associated with the Rigveda.

Here's a breakdown of the key points:

• Nature of Aranyakas: Aranyakas are considered appendices to Brahmanas, delving into spiritual and philosophical aspects rather than the rituals themselves. They elaborate on the symbolic meanings hinted at in the Vedic Samhitas.
• Structure of Aitareya Aranyaka: The Aitareya Aranyaka, linked to the Rigveda, has five parts. The first, fourth, and fifth parts focus on ritualistic practices, while the second and third parts are dedicated to knowledge and spiritual inquiry.
• Central Theme: Prana Mahima: While the Aranyaka covers various topics like speech, mind, self-study, ideal human objectives, politics, sacrifice, deities, cosmology, and the nature of beings, the glory of Prana (Prana Mahima) is highlighted as a particularly important and distinctive theme. The tranquil environment of the "Aranya" (forest) is considered ideal for the contemplation of Prana.
• Prana as the Sustainer of the Universe: The text emphasizes that Prana sustains all three worlds (Prana expands this world, the middle world, and that world). It is described as the force that holds the vast universe together, from the sky to the smallest ant. All beings are supported by this "great" Prana.
• Prana and the Senses: A narrative illustrates the superiority of Prana over other senses, stating that without Prana, all other senses, even if present, are effectively non-existent.
• Prana's Indispensable Role: Prana has an inseparable relationship with the soul (Jivatma). Without Prana, the existence of the living world is not secure. Prana is the guardian and ruler of the senses, constantly active and encompassing the entire visible world.
• Prana as Life and Immortality: Prana is the cause of life and longevity. Its presence in the body determines the lifespan. Prana is also described as both death and immortality. Its departure leads to the body's inactivity (death), while its presence ensures the body's continued activity and vitality (immortality).
• Prana as Creator and Father: Prana is called the creator and father of the intermediate space (antariksha) and the air (vayu), and these are said to serve Prana.
• Prana and the Body: When compared to the body, Prana is considered divine and immortal, while the body is mortal and dependent. The body grows and thrives through sustenance (anna-adi), supported by the immortal divine principle of Prana.
• Prana Identified with the Sun: Due to its immense glory, Prana is identified with the Sun. The Aitareya Aranyaka states, "This, indeed, is Prana, He who shines." Sāyana's commentary explains that the visible, shining Sun is Prana itself, with only a difference in location (within the body vs. in the cosmos).
• Prana as the Atman of the World: Like the Sun, Prana is considered the Atman (soul or self) of all beings, moving and stationary. Worshipping the Sun leads to a hundred years of life.
• Prana Associated with Rishis: Prana is also personified as divine sages, identified with names like Vishwamitra, Vamadeva, Bharadvaja, and Vashistha. These names might be indicative of its qualities rather than mere labels.
• Prana's Various Forms and Worship: Prana is described in different numerical forms (seven, nine, twelve) and is said to be the essence of all Vedic hymns, all Vedas, and all sounds. It is to be understood and worshipped in these various forms.
• Prana as the Holder of the House: Just as a beam supports a house, Prana supports the "house" of the body.
• The Scope of Prana: The text quantifies Prana's influence, suggesting a specific measure of its movement within and outside the body.
• The Importance of Worship: The text stresses that by understanding Prana's qualities and worshipping it in its various manifestations, one can attain corresponding results.
• Devas vs. Asuras and Prana: The Devas (gods) worshipped Prana as a symbol of prosperity and were victorious, while the Asuras (demons) considered it a cause of poverty and were defeated.
• Prana as Unity: Indra, in response to Vishwamitra's doubt, declared, "I am Prana, you are Prana, all existing beings are Prana." This highlights Prana as a unifying principle.
• Evolution of the Concept of Prana: The word "Prana" is understood in the Vedas as breath, in the Upanishads as a symbol of unity, and in the physical sciences as indicating senses and orifices. Ultimately, it is the life-giver.
• Pranayama and its Significance: Later yogic literature, particularly the Ashtanga Yoga, gives special importance to Pranayama (breath control), which is defined as the regulated control of Prana. The extraordinary results of Prana control continue to amaze people.
• Practical Knowledge: While theoretical knowledge about Prana can be extensively presented, practical understanding is complex and transmitted through traditional teacher-student lineages.
• Prana as Enjoyer and Enjoyed: The Aranyaka describes Prana in various forms, such as "Prana is young, well-clothed," and "Prana is Tanunapat," indicating its pervasive presence as both the enjoyer and the enjoyed.

In essence, the book "Aetarey Aranyaka me Pran Mahima" explores the profound concept of Prana within the Aitareya Aranyaka, presenting it as the fundamental life force that sustains the universe, the body, and the senses, and identifying it with divinity and immortality. The text advocates for the worship and understanding of Prana in its manifold aspects.