Aarasan Tirth Aparnam Kumbhariyaji Tirth - Book Summary

Here's a comprehensive summary of the Jain text "Aarasan Tirth Aparnam Kumbhariyaji Tirth" by Muni Shri Vishalvijayji, published by Yashovijay Jain Granthmala:

This book, "Aarasan Tirth Aparnam Kumbhariyaji Tirth," is a detailed exploration of the Jain pilgrimage site known by two names: Aarasan and Kumbhariyaji. It was authored by Muni Shri Vishalvijayji and published by Shri Yashovijay Jain Granthmala in Bhavnagar.

Key Aspects and Content of the Book:

Title and Authorship: The title itself highlights the dual identity of the pilgrimage site. The author, Muni Shri Vishalvijayji, is dedicated to preserving and disseminating knowledge about Jain pilgrimage sites.
Publisher and Publication Details: Published by Shri Yashovijay Jain Granthmala, the book is presented as part of a series dedicated to illuminating lesser-known or forgotten Jain pilgrimage sites. The first edition was released in Vikram Samvat 2017 (1961 CE).
Dedication: The book is dedicated to the revered gurus of the author, reflecting a lineage of Jain scholarship and spiritual guidance.
Praise for the Author's Work: The book includes endorsements from scholars and respected figures within the Jain community, such as Prof. Umakant P. Shah and Dr. Bhogilal Sandesara. They praise the author's meticulous research, historical accuracy, and the vital service he provides by bringing these historical sites to light for the Jain community and scholars.
The Importance of Pilgrimage: The publisher's preface emphasizes the spiritual significance of Tirth Yatras (pilgrimages) as means for purifying the body and mind, finding solace from worldly distractions, and reconnecting with a glorious past and rich culture.
Author's Motivation: Muni Shri Vishalvijayji has a deep emotional connection to the Granthmala (book series) established by his guru, continuing its mission to shed light on forgotten Tirths.
Recognition of Supporters: The book acknowledges the financial and intellectual contributions of various individuals and organizations, including the family of the late Seth Shri Godadbhai, who sponsored the publication of this particular book.
The Tirth of Aarasan/Kumbhariyaji:
- Location: The Tirth is situated in the northern part of Gujarat, near the famous Mount Abu. It is located in the Aarasur hills, about ten leagues from Mount Abu, between Ambaji village and Kumbhariyaji. It's also accessible from Abu Road (Kharadi) railway station.
- Historical Significance: The text delves into the historical nomenclature of the region, discussing the various names associated with the area like Arasan, Arasanakar, Arasanagar, Arasanpur, and the eventual name Kumbhariyaji. It explores the etymology, linking "Arasan" to the abundance of marble quarries ("Aras" meaning stone or marble) and "Arasanakar" meaning "mine of marble."
- The Ambaji Temple: The book details the Ambaji Mata temple in the nearby village of Ambaji. It presents compelling arguments, supported by historical 'Pattavalis' and scholarly opinions (like Dr. Bhandarkar and Muni Darshanvijayji), that this temple was originally a Jain temple, possibly built by Minister Vimalshah for the Adhishthayika Devi of Bhagwan Neminath, later converted.
- The Kumbhariyaji Complex: The core of the book focuses on the five Jain temples at Kumbhariyaji.
  - Temple Architecture and Sculpture: The author provides a detailed architectural description of each temple, highlighting their construction using local marble. He meticulously describes the intricate carvings, sculptures, pillars, ceilings, decorative arches (torans), and the style of architecture, often drawing parallels with the famous Dilwara temples on Mount Abu.
  - Deities and Their Iconography: The book identifies the main deities in each of the five temples: Shri Neminath Bhagwant (the largest and most prominent), Shri Mahavir Swami Bhagwant, Shri Parshvanath Bhagwant, Shri Shantinath Bhagwant, and Shri Sambhavnath Bhagwant. It also notes the presence of other deities and figures in the carvings.
  - Inscriptions (Pratimalekhas): A significant portion of the book is dedicated to the epigraphy of the site. It lists and analyzes numerous inscriptions found on the idols, pillars, and walls of the temples, dating from around the 10th century CE up to the 17th century CE. These inscriptions provide crucial information about the builders, patrons, dates of consecration, and the lineage of Jain acharyas who officiated. The author meticulously transcribes and translates many of these inscriptions, offering a wealth of historical data.
  - Theories on Temple Construction: The book discusses various theories regarding the original builders of these temples, mentioning figures like Minister Vimalshah, Minister Vastupal-Tejpal, King Kumarapal, and the Parmar rulers of Chandravati, alongside the local Shravakas (Jain laypeople).
  - The Neminath Temple: This temple is described as the largest and most magnificent, with detailed accounts of its layout, intricate carvings, and the inscriptions found within.
  - The Mahavir Swami Temple: The book provides a similar detailed account of this temple, noting its architectural features and the inscriptions, some of which are among the oldest found at the site.
  - The Parshvanath Temple: This temple's features and inscriptions are also thoroughly documented.
  - The Shantinath Temple: The inscriptions here are highlighted as being among the oldest, with references to King Bhimdev and the Nannacharya lineage.
  - The Sambhavnath Temple: This temple's description notes its distinctiveness and the inscriptions found.
- The Kumbheshwar Mahadev Temple: The book also briefly describes the ancient Shiva temple nearby, noting its architectural similarities to other contemporary structures and its possible ancient origins.
- The Decline and Revival of the Tirth: The text explains the likely reasons for the Tirth's decline, attributing it to historical events like invasions and destruction, with specific mention of the raids by Ulgh Khan during Alauddin Khilji's reign. It then details the efforts made for its restoration and preservation over centuries, including the significant role played by the Anandji Kalyanji Pedhi.
Appendices and Indices: The book includes extensive appendices containing the detailed transcriptions and analyses of numerous inscriptions (Pratimalekhas), providing a critical resource for researchers. It also features an index of the acharyas who consecrated the idols.
Additional Information: The book also includes descriptions of nearby smaller Tirths like Metta Posina and Vadhali, further enriching the geographical and historical context.

Overall Significance:

"Aarasan Tirth Aparnam Kumbhariyaji Tirth" is a scholarly work that serves as a comprehensive guide and historical record of this important Jain pilgrimage site. It is invaluable for its detailed architectural descriptions, meticulous transcription and interpretation of inscriptions, and its contribution to understanding the history and artistic heritage of Jainism in Gujarat. The book reflects the author's deep devotion and commitment to preserving the legacy of these sacred places.